SYNTAX: RELATIVIZATION

RELATIVIZATION IN MERIAQ MERIKU DIALECT

A. INTRODUCTION
This relativization focus on Sasak Language especially in Meriaq-Meriku Dialect [MMD].

B. NP ACCESSIBILITY
In MMD the Accessibility Hierarchy for NP follows Keenan and Comrie rule:
[1] SU > DO > IO > OBL > GEN > O COMP
For example:
[2] Maling eto matek mamiq-kh
Thief DEF kill father-1SG.POSS
“That thief kill my father”
[3] *Mamiq-kh saq maling eto matek
Father-1SG.POSS REL thief DEF kill
“My father whom the thief kill”
The right sentence is:
[4] Mamiq-kh saq maling eto matek-n
Father-1SG.POSS REL thief DEF killed
“My father whom the thief killed”
[5] Mamiq-kh siq maling eto matek-n
Father-1SG.POSS REL thief DEF killed
“My father whom the thief killed”

There are two markers for relativization in MMD, saq and siq. But siq only occur in NP accessibikity H and in Object Relativization.

In Meriaq Meriku Dialect sentence [4] the sentence is added by mu-n to produce the right sentence. Mu-n is marker for PAST and 3rd Person Singular or Plural.

C. SUBJECT RELATIVIZATION
In Meriaq Meriku Dialect, the NP functioning as S is very easy to relativize. Seen from the sentences below:
[6] Juni jual manoq
Juni sells chickens
“Juni sells chicken”
[7] Juni saq jual manoq panggang
Juni REL sells chickens roasted
Juni who sells roasted chicken”
Example [5] is the active clause and Juni which is preverbal is S. example [6] show the S relativization and saq is the relative marker of the clause.

D. OBJECT RELATIVIZATION
In Meriaq-Meriku Dialect, it is not possible to relativize the object. Firstly, the NP functioning as O has to be promoted to become a grammatical S in the passive. For example:
[8] Juni jual manoq
Juni sells chickens
“Juni sells chicken”
[9] *Manoq saq Juni jual
Manoq REL Juni sells
“Chickens which Juni sold”
[10] Manoq te-jual siq Juni
Chicken PASS-sells by Juni
“Chickens were sold by Juni”
[11] Manoq saq te-jual siq Juni
Chicken REL PASS-sells by Juni
“Chickens that were sold by Juni”
But in Meriaq Meriku dialect we can also have another form of object realtivization after promoting the O to grammatical S [11] and become other form of object realtivization, examine example below:
[12] Manoq te-jual siq Juni
Chicken PASS-sells by Juni
“Chickens were sold by Juni”
[13] Manoq saq-n jual siq Juni
Chicken REL-3SG sells by Juni
““Chickens were sold by Juni”
[14] Manoq siq-n jual siq Juni
Chicken REL-3SG sells by Juni
““Chickens were sold by Juni”

There are two forms of relativization markers in MMD they are saq and siq.

E. OBLIQUE RELATIVIZATION
a. BENEFACTIVE
There is no benefactive relativization in MMD.
b. RECIPIENT
The sentences below are the process of recipient relativization.
[15] Juni beng manoq eto leq Anjung
Juni give chicken DEF to Anjung
“Juni give that chicken to Anjung”
[16] Juni beng Anjung manoq eto
Juni give Anjung chicken DEF
“Juni give Anjung that chicken”
[17] Anjung te-tebeng manoq siq Juni
Anjung PASS-give chicken by Juni
“Anjung was given that chicken by Juni”
[18] Anjung saq te-tebeng manoq siq Juni
Anjung REL PASS-give chicken by Juni
Anjung who was given that chicken by Juni

F. DOUBLE RELATIVIZATION MARKER
It is possible in MMD dialect sentences have two relativization marker as long as the sentence has two argument. Examine these example:
a. NP accessibility Hierarchy
Cannot added with two markers of relativization
b. Subject Relativization
For example we take the example from [6] and [7].
[19] Juni jual manoq
Juni sells chickens
“Juni sells chicken”
[20] Juni saq jual manoq panggang
Juni REL sells chickens roasted
“Juni who sells roasted chicken”
When it doubled relativize, it becomes:
[21] Juni saq siq jual manoq panggang eto mati
Juni REL REL sells chickens roasted DEF die
“Juni who sells roasted chicken, died”
It means that Juni died
c. Object Relativization
Juni jual manoq
Juni sells chickens
“Juni sells chicken”
[22] *Manoq saq Juni jual
Manoq REL Juni sells
“Chickens which Juni sold”
[23] Manoq te-jual siq Juni
Chicken PASS-sells by Juni
“Chickens were sold by Juni”
[24] Manoq saq te-jual siq Juni
Chicken REL PASS-sells by Juni
“Chickens that were sold by Juni”
When it becomes double relativize, the form is:
[25] Manoq saq siq te-jual siq Juni, mate
Chicken REL REL PASS-sells by Juni
“Chickens that were sold by Juni, died”
It means that the chicken died
d. Oblique Relativization
The sentences below is the process of recipient relativization and markers doubling.
[26] Juni beng manoq eto leq Anjung
Juni give chicken DEF to Anjung
“Juni give that chicken to Anjung”
[27] Juni beng Anjung manoq eto
Juni give Anjung chicken DEF
“Juni give Anjung that chicken”
[28] Anjung te-tebeng manoq siq Juni
Anjung PASS-give chicken by Juni
“Anjung was given that chicken by Juni”
[29] Anjung saq te-tebeng manoq siq Juni
Anjung REL PASS-give chicken by Juni
Anjung who was given that chicken by Juni
When the above sentence added with two REL markers, it becomes:
[30] Anjung saq siq te-tebeng manoq siq Juni
Anjung REL REL PASS-give chicken by Juni
“Anjung who was given that chicken by Juni, died”
It means that Anjung died